Relative mRNA expression levels of dopaminergic differentiation markers (<i>Lmx1a</i>, <i>Foxa2</i>, En1, <i>Aadc</i>, <i>Nurr1</i>, Th, <i>Vmat2</i>, and <i>Dat</i>) in laminin-2D culture, Matrigel-3D culture and SAPNS-3D culture respectively.

<p>Quantitative real-time RT-PCR demonstrated that a 4-fold increase for <i>Lmx1a</i> (A), 5-fold increase for <i>Nurr1</i> (E), <i>Vmat2</i> (G), and <i>Dat</i> (H), 6-fold increase for En1 (C) and <i>Aadc</i> (D), and 7-fold increase for <i>Foxa2</i> (B) and Th (F) were found in both R1 and TTF-1 differentiation when cultured in SAPNS as compared to their expressions in Matrigel or on laminin.