Identification of arbutin in <i>L. lateralis</i> by HPLC analysis.

<p>A. HPLC analysis of the extracts from an adult <i>L. lateralis</i> by using a fluorescence detector. (a) authentic arbutin, (b) the extracts of <i>L. lateralis</i> lantern. The arbutin fraction between the vertical dashed lines is used for hydrolysis as in Fig. 10C. B. HPLC analysis of the hydrolyzed arbutin fraction in Fig. 10A–b. (a) authentic 1,4-hydroquinone (labeled peak 1) containing benzoquinone (labeled peak 2), (b) the hydrolyzed products of the peak fraction between the dashed lines in Fig. 10A–b. Asterisk indicates 1,4-hydroquinone from arbutin. C. A scheme of acid hydrolysis of arbutin to 1,4-hydroquinone by acid treatment with HCl.