<p>Younger plantations are 5- to 9-year- old and older plantations are 25- to 30- year-old forests, respectively. The error bars represent the standard deviations of the means. The sample numbers are shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0085426#pone-0085426-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>. A different lowercase English letter is used for cropland and for younger and older plantations in the same site, and a different uppercase English letter represents younger plantations across the sites, whereas a different Greek letter is used for older plantations to indicate a significant difference at the 0.05 level.</p
Fine root length (A, B), surface-area (C, D), tip-number (E, F), and biomass (G, H) in birch (Betula...
<p>Data was the mean value across three stand types at each site.</p><p>*Denotes significance of dif...
<p>The asterisk above the bars indicates a significant difference between cropland and poplar planta...
<p>Note: AGB refers to aboveground biomass, PB refers to total plantation biomass. Means in a column...
<p>Different uppercase letters indicate a significant difference between age groups in the same dept...
<p>Panel A, B, and C represent below/above-ground biomass for Crofton weed and the co-occurring nati...
<p>Panel A, B, and C represent plant biomass for Crofton weed and the co-occurring native species in...
<p>*Different uppercase letters indicate the significant difference between two SNLS sites.</p><p>**...
<p>Different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference within-stand (<i>p</i><0.05).</p
<p>Data from July 2012. Different letters indicate significant differences among forests (<i>P</i><0...
<p>Genus names refer to the selected tree species under which the soil samples were taken. “Other” r...
<p>Error bars are standard error of the means. Within a group, different letters indicate a signific...
<p>Younger and older plantations are 5- to 9-year-old and 25- to 30-year-old forests, respectively. ...
<p>Error bars represent the standard deviations of the means (n = 6). Different letters denote signi...
<p>Values are the means ± SE of three plots. For each plant issue, means with different letters are ...
Fine root length (A, B), surface-area (C, D), tip-number (E, F), and biomass (G, H) in birch (Betula...
<p>Data was the mean value across three stand types at each site.</p><p>*Denotes significance of dif...
<p>The asterisk above the bars indicates a significant difference between cropland and poplar planta...
<p>Note: AGB refers to aboveground biomass, PB refers to total plantation biomass. Means in a column...
<p>Different uppercase letters indicate a significant difference between age groups in the same dept...
<p>Panel A, B, and C represent below/above-ground biomass for Crofton weed and the co-occurring nati...
<p>Panel A, B, and C represent plant biomass for Crofton weed and the co-occurring native species in...
<p>*Different uppercase letters indicate the significant difference between two SNLS sites.</p><p>**...
<p>Different lowercase letters indicate a significant difference within-stand (<i>p</i><0.05).</p
<p>Data from July 2012. Different letters indicate significant differences among forests (<i>P</i><0...
<p>Genus names refer to the selected tree species under which the soil samples were taken. “Other” r...
<p>Error bars are standard error of the means. Within a group, different letters indicate a signific...
<p>Younger and older plantations are 5- to 9-year-old and 25- to 30-year-old forests, respectively. ...
<p>Error bars represent the standard deviations of the means (n = 6). Different letters denote signi...
<p>Values are the means ± SE of three plots. For each plant issue, means with different letters are ...
Fine root length (A, B), surface-area (C, D), tip-number (E, F), and biomass (G, H) in birch (Betula...
<p>Data was the mean value across three stand types at each site.</p><p>*Denotes significance of dif...
<p>The asterisk above the bars indicates a significant difference between cropland and poplar planta...