Effects of CSE (0.1%–10%) and LPS (10 ng/ml–10 µg/ml) on chemokine release and cell viability.

<p>Serum-starved A549 cells were incubated with medium alone (control) or with different concentration of CSE (0.1%–10%) and LPS (10 ng/ml–10 µg/ml) for 24 h. The culture supernatants were collected and the concentrations of IL-8/CXCL8, Gro-α/CXCL1 and MCP-1/CCL2 were measured by ELISA (A, B, C and D) and viability was determined by MTT test (E). The data represent the mean ± SEM of 3 experiments. * p<0.05 compared to control.