Efficacious plasma and tissue drug concentrations indicate broad dissemination of antiretrovirals during ART.

<p>(<b>A</b>) ART suppressed plasma viremia to below detection (vRNA; solid line, closed symbols) while peripheral blood cell-associated vDNA (dashed line; open symbols) were unaffected (Day −3 vs. Day42, p = 0.63, signed rank test). (<b>B</b>) ART led to a rebound in peripheral blood CD4⁺ T cells to pre-infection levels. (<b>C–E</b>) Drug concentrations [tenofovir (C), emtricitabine (D) or raltegravir (E)] were determined within the plasma and each of the indicated tissues. For this steady state drug concentration analysis, the 4 BLT mice in (A) were harvested 21 hours following their last ART dosing and the tissue concentrations of the antiretrovirals were determined.