Association between alcohol consumption and CSF (A) [NAD(H)] (B) IL-6 levels. (A) Alcohol consumption is associated with decreased levels of CSF NAD(H).

<p>Participants who consumed zero (n = 32), >0–1 (n = 14) and >1 (n = 8) standard alcoholic drinks per day were found to contain significantly different levels of CSF NAD(H) (p = 0.02). Specifically the CSF of participants who consumed >1 standard drink of alcohol per day contained significantly lower levels of NAD(H) compared to those who reported consuming zero drinks per day; 62.39±19.93 vs. 86.93±25.32 µg/mL respectively (p<0.05). Comparisons were made using the Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn’s post-hoc test. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. <b>(B) Alcohol consumption is associated with increased levels of CSF IL-6.</b> A significant increase in CSF IL-6 was observed in participants who drank >1 (p<0.05) and >0–1 (p<0.05) standard alcoholic drinks per day compared to those who drank zero; 2.12±1.28, 2.25±1.66 vs. 1.16±1.67 pg/mL respectively. Comparisons were made using the Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn’s post-hoc test. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.