Dose-response relationship between lower intensity muscular conditioning exercises (hours/week) and risk of type 2 diabetes in women from the Nurses' Health Study.

<p>Dotted lines are 95% CI for the trend obtained from restricted cubic spline regression (3 knots) truncated at 7 hours/week (≈99th percentile). Estimates were adjusted for age (months), smoking (never, past, or current), alcohol consumption (0, 1–5, >5 g/d), coffee intake (0, <1, 1–3, 3–5, >5 cups/day), race (white, non-white), family history of diabetes, post menopausal hormone use (never, past, current), intake of total energy, trans fat, polyunsaturated fat to saturated fat ratio, cereal fiber, wholegrain, and glycemic load (all dietary factors in quintiles), aerobic physical activity (0, 1–29, 30–59, 60–150, >150 min/week), and resistance exercise (0, 1–29, 30–59, 60–150, >150 min/week). <i>p</i> = 0.80 for non-linear response.