The slow Ca²⁺ oscillations in both putative-neurons and astrocytes were mainly due to Ca²⁺ release from the intracellular Ca²⁺ store via the IP₃ receptor.

<p>A–D, Typical time courses of the slow Ca²⁺ oscillations during the administration of 10 µM CNQX and 50 µM AP5 (CNQX + AP5), 1 µM TTX, 2 µM thapsigargin (Thapsi), and 100 µM 2-APB in putative-neurons and astrocytes. Horizontal bars under the time courses indicate the application period of the agents. Scale bar, 200 s, µR = 0.02. E, F, Transient rates of the slow Ca²⁺ oscillations during the administration of various pharmacological agents in putative-neurons (E) and astrocytes (F). The transient rates of the slow Ca²⁺ oscillations are normalized by the transient rates under control conditions. The number of cells recorded is shown above each bar graph. ****p<0.001; one-sample t-test.