Simulated hemodynamics over a range of LVAD support (from 6k to 12k RPM) for the case of LV failure.

<p>With increased speed, the LV PV loops shift leftward, while the locus of maximal LV pressure exhibited unimodal response with a peak at 9k RPM, also reflected in LVSW. Total cardiac output however increased monotonically with LVAD speed, although the LV contribution decreased precipitously for speeds above 9k RPM. (LVP: left ventricular pressure; RVP: right ventricular pressure; LVSW: left ventricular stroke work; MAP: mean arterial pressure; PAm: mean pulmonary arterial pressure; LAP: mean left atrial pressure; RAP: mean right atrial pressure.)