Th1 differentiation is not dependent on GDNF, BDNF or NGF.

<p>(A) CD4⁺ T cells were polarized toward Th1 cells for 3 days cultured on astrocytes or with irradiated feeder cells in medium supplemented with 10 ng/mL IL-12 (Th1). Cells were washed and stimulated for 4 hr with PMA/ionomycin and CD4⁺ T cells were analyzed for CFSE staining by flow cytometry gated on IFNγ⁺CD4⁺ T cells. Data are representative of 2 independent experiments. The rate of cell division was higher in cells incubated in Th1-polarizing conditions than undifferentiated cells. (B) CD4⁺ T cells cultivated on astrocytes or irradiated splenocytes were stimulated with 10 ng/mL GDNF, 10 ng/mL BDNF, 100 ng/mL NGF, or a combination as indicated, in the presence or not of Th1 polarizing conditions for 4 days. Cells were washed and stimulated with PMA/ionomycin/BFA for 4 h and IFNγ-producing cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plots are representative of 2 independent experiments.