Prognostic tools used to predict outcome in adults with severe malaria.

<p><b>Malaria Score for Adults (MSA)</b><a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0087020#pone.0087020-Mishra1" target="_blank">[1]</a>:</p><p>1 [severe anaemia (haemoglobin <5 g/dL)]+2 [acute renal failure (serum creatinine >3 mg/dl)]+3[Respiratory distress (respiratory failure requiring ventilator)]+4 [cerebral malaria (unrousable coma)].</p><p><b>Malaria Prognostic Index (MPI)</b><a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0087020#pone.0087020-Newton1" target="_blank">[2]</a>:</p><p>4.5 (GCS <5)+1.5 (GCS 5–11)+1(Parasitaemia >315,000/µL)+2.5 (Plasma lactate >5 mmol/L)+1 (Serum bilirubin >58 µmol/L)+1.5 (Pigmented parasites >20%)−1.5 (Treatment with ACT).</p><p><b>Coma Acidosis Malaria (CAM) score</b><a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0087020#pone.0087020-Hanson1" target="_blank">[3]</a>: MSA (0–10) is calculated using the 4 variables, classified as absent (0) or present (1) and multiplied by their coefficients.</p><p>MPI (0–10) is calculated using the 5 variables, classified as absent (0) or present (1) and multiplied by their coefficients.</p><p>CAM score (0–4) is calculated as the base deficit score (0–2) plus the Glasgow Coma Score (GCS; 0–2). Bicarbonate-based CAM score (BCAM) (0–4) is calculated as the bicarbonate score (0–2) plus the GCS (0–2). <b>Respiratory rate–based CAM score (RCAM)</b> (0–4) is calculated as the respiratory rate score (0–2) plus the GCS score (0–2).