PPY reduces the level of Th2 cytokines and eotaxin in BAL fluid.

<p>A) IL-4 level, B) IL-5 level, C) IL-13 level and D) Eotaxin (CCL11) level. BAL fluid was collected by infusion and extraction of ice cold PBS. The concentrations of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and Eotaxin (CCL11) were measured with a quantitative sandwich enzyme-linked immunoassay kit. Expression of 4 different targets was analyzed in 100 µl of BAL fluid and normalized to the total protein amount in each sample. Normal control mice treated with PBS only (NC), CKA-challenged mice treated with PBS (CKA), CKA-challenged mice treated with 10 mg/kg of Montelukast (MK), CKA-challenged mice treated with 1 mg/kg of PPY (PPY 1), CKA-challenged mice treated with 2 mg/kg of PPY (PPY 2) and CKA-challenged mice treated with 10 mg/kg of PPY (PPY 10).The data are shown as the mean ± S.E.M. Statistical analysis was conducted by one-way ANOVA followed by the Newman-Keuls Multiple Comparison test (significantly different from NC, <i>*P</i><0.05, **<i>P</i><0.01, ***<i>P</i><0.001; significantly different from CKA, <i>#P</i><0.05, ##<i>P</i><0.01, ###<i>P<</i>0.001, n = 6).