TLR4 is required to limit the growth of <i>B. bronchiseptica</i> within the respiratory tract.

<p>3–4 mice per group were examined at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after inoculation. The bacterial loads of <i>B. bronchiseptica</i> recovered from the (<b>A</b>) nasal cavity or (<b>B</b>) lungs of wild-type (dashed lines) HeN (white squares) or C57BL/6 (black squares), and immunodeficient mice (solid lines): HeJ (black diamonds), μMt (black circles) or Rag^−/− (black triangles). (<b>C</b>) Shedding was detected throughout the infectious course by quantitative culture of bacteria obtained in a ten second swab of the external nares. Symbols represent the mean log₁₀ CFU of <i>B. bronchiseptica</i> (± SEM) Dashed line represents the limit of detection. Figure represents 1 of 2 independent iterations of this experiment.