CQ has no effect on <i>Plasmodium berghei</i> liver-stage numbers <i>in</i><i>vitro</i>.

<p>10,000 <i>P. berghei</i> NK65 sporozoites were allowed to invade HuH7 cells and subsequently cultured in DMEM culture medium (with 10% FCS and 1% Penicillin/Streptomycin) alone or supplemented with 10 µM chloroquine or 10 µM primaquine. Parasites were permitted to develop over 48 hours before being fixed, stained with anti-HSP70 antibody <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0088117#pone.0088117-Tsuji1" target="_blank">[22]</a> and counted. Numbers of liver stages per well were counted by fluorescent microscopy in duplicates. Error bars represent standard deviation. Statistics calculated by student’s <i>t</i> test. Asterisks signify degrees of significance where *** indicates P<0.001, ** indicates P = <0.01, * indicates P<0.05 and “ns” indicates P>0.05.