Akaike’s Information criteria (AIC_c) of linear mixed-effects models¹ to examine relationships of covariates² with home-range size (km²; 95% <i>a</i>-local convex hull) of male grizzly bears in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem.

1<p>Results based on log transformation of home-range size and z-score transformation of WBP and DI.</p>2<p>Covariates: period = pre-impact (1989–1999) and impact (2007–2012) periods, cohort = age class, DI = density index, WBP = proportion of whitebark pine in home range adjusted for tree mortality during the impact period.</p><p>Year and individual bear were included as random effects. The number of locations used to create each home range was included in all models. The 95% confidence intervals for the model-averaged beta estimates of all covariates overlapped zero.