Effect of glyphosate on growth and indoles production in strain JA2.

<p>Inhibition of growth of <i>R. benzoatilyticus</i> JA2 by glyphosate and restoration of growth by aromatic amino acids (A). Culture was grown on malate media with glyphosate (1 mM] for 22 h. Arrow indicate supplementation (150 µM] of phenylalanine, tyrosine, anthranilate or aniline (10 mM]. F, phenylalanine; Y, tyrosine; AA, anthranilate; ANi, aniline; Gly, glyphosate. Effect of glyphosate on indoles production in aniline supplemented cultures of <i>R. benzoatilyticus</i> JA2 (B). Data represents mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments done in duplicates. Effect of glyphosate on indoles production by anthranilate (AA] and aniline (ANi] supplemented cultures of <i>R. benzoatilyticus</i> JA2 (C). Data represents mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments done in duplicates. Fu, fumarate; **, p value<0.005 compared with glyphosate un-supplemented cultures. Effect of glyphosate on Trp, IAA and IAld production by aniline exposed cultures of <i>R. benzoatilyticus</i> JA2 (D). Data represents mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. *, p value<0.05; **, p<0.005 compared with glyphosate un-supplemented cultures obtained from Student's <i>t</i>test.