Associations between biomarkers and stunting.

<p>*A summary measure of each biomarker (mean of all values measured at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months of age) was calculated for each child to reflect average exposure during the first year of life, as described in the text.</p><p>**Univariate and multivariate odds ratios of stunting at 18 months of age were calculated, using a separate model for each biomarker that adjusted for infant gender, birth weight, birth length, maternal years of schooling, maternal height and maternal mid-upper arm circumference. The 18 mo value of each biomarker was also included as a covariate in each model. Birth values of each biomarker were excluded from these models because there were insufficient data (birth samples only available for 32% infants).</p><p>IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor 1; CRP: C-reactive protein; AGP: alpha-1 acid glycoprotein; IL-6: interleukin 6; I-FABP: intestinal fatty acid binding protein; IgG EndoCAb: Immunoglobulin G antibodies to endotoxin core.