Forest gap characteristics in old-growth Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer forests in California and northwestern Mexico, where summaries were calculated in two ways: all gaps within the four ha study area (with edge gaps), and excluding gaps where more than 10% of the gap area overlapped the 5 m perimeter buffer (without edge gaps).

<p>Forest gap characteristics in old-growth Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer forests in California and northwestern Mexico, where summaries were calculated in two ways: all gaps within the four ha study area (with edge gaps), and excluding gaps where more than 10% of the gap area overlapped the 5 m perimeter buffer (without edge gaps).