Schematic representation of a learning session.

<p>One of the three models first showed six pairs, the so-called ‘social pairs’, modeling the correct response (success) for three of them, and the incorrect response (error) for the other three. Then, the observer monkey was tested. Three additional pairs were inserted in the list (the ‘individual pairs’) and the now complete 9-pair list was presented 10 times to the monkey. The observer’s performance was thus evaluated over 10 hands-on trials for all pairs, whether ‘individual’ or ‘social’.