<div><p>Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of conserved pattern-recognition molecules responsible for initiating innate and acquired immune responses. Because they play a key role in host defence, these genes have received increasing interest in the evolutionary and population genetics literature, as their variation represents a potential target of adaptive evolution. However, the role of pathogen-mediated selection (i.e. episodic positive selection) in the evolution of these genes remains poorly known and has not been examined outside of mammals. A recent increase in the number of bird species for which TLR sequences are available has enabled us to examine the selective processes that have influenced evolution of the 10 known avian TL...
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the recognition of microbial components. Only c...
Understanding where genetic variation exists, and how it influences fitness within populations is im...
Understanding where genetic variation exists, and how it influences fitness within populations is im...
Toll-like receptors (TLR) are membrane-bound sensors of the innate immune system that recognize inva...
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key sensor molecules in vertebrates triggering initial phases of immu...
<p>Evolutionary theory predicts that genes encoding proteins involved in host-pathogen interactions ...
Adaptive evolution of Toll-like receptors in birds Hana Velová, PhD thesis 6 Abstract Toll-like rece...
Migratory birds encounter a broad range of pathogens during their journeys, making them ideal models...
Abstract Background Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a major class of pattern recognition receptors (P...
Variation in immune gene sequences is known to influence resistance to infectious diseases and paras...
Positive selection acting on Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) has been recently investigated to reveal evo...
All organisms encounter pathogens, and birds are especially susceptible to infection by malaria para...
NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are intracellular sensors of the innate immune system that recognize intra...
Consistent patterns of positive selection in functionally similar genes can suggest a common selecti...
<div><p>Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an ancient family of genes encoding transmembrane proteins th...
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the recognition of microbial components. Only c...
Understanding where genetic variation exists, and how it influences fitness within populations is im...
Understanding where genetic variation exists, and how it influences fitness within populations is im...
Toll-like receptors (TLR) are membrane-bound sensors of the innate immune system that recognize inva...
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key sensor molecules in vertebrates triggering initial phases of immu...
<p>Evolutionary theory predicts that genes encoding proteins involved in host-pathogen interactions ...
Adaptive evolution of Toll-like receptors in birds Hana Velová, PhD thesis 6 Abstract Toll-like rece...
Migratory birds encounter a broad range of pathogens during their journeys, making them ideal models...
Abstract Background Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a major class of pattern recognition receptors (P...
Variation in immune gene sequences is known to influence resistance to infectious diseases and paras...
Positive selection acting on Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) has been recently investigated to reveal evo...
All organisms encounter pathogens, and birds are especially susceptible to infection by malaria para...
NOD-like receptors (NLRs) are intracellular sensors of the innate immune system that recognize intra...
Consistent patterns of positive selection in functionally similar genes can suggest a common selecti...
<div><p>Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an ancient family of genes encoding transmembrane proteins th...
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in the recognition of microbial components. Only c...
Understanding where genetic variation exists, and how it influences fitness within populations is im...
Understanding where genetic variation exists, and how it influences fitness within populations is im...