DMNQ enhanced suppressive Treg function.

<p>(A) A representative panel of FACS plots for the analysis of suppressive function of Tregs in the presence of various concentrations of DMNQ. DCs, Teffs and Tregs were isolated from WT mice. On the 3^rd day of culture, live CD4⁺ cells were gated for analysis. The 1^st and 2^nd rows show Teff proliferation in the absence and presence of Tregs, respectively. The numbers indicate precursor frequency (%) of Teffs. In the 2^nd row, precursor frequency was calculated after CFSE⁻ Tregs were excluded. Teff proliferation in the presence of Tregs decreased as the concentration of DMNQ increased, suggesting DMNQ enhanced Treg function in a dose-dependent manner. (B) Addition of DMNQ in vitro resulted in enhancement of Treg function in a dose-dependent manner. Data are mean ± SD (n = 12). *<i>P</i><.05 and **<i>P</i><.01, compared with the control.