An example trial sequence.

<p>Participants first fixated on a fixation dot for 850(Experiment 1) or always a robot face (Experiment 2) gazing straight-ahead was presented for another 850 ms. Next, the gaze direction changed to either the left or the right for another 600 ms, which was then followed by target presentation (30 ms) either at the gazed-at location (valid-cue trial) or the opposite location (invalid-cue trials). Participants were then asked to respond to target identity, with a blank screen presented until the response. On catch trials, the display with a face gazing to the left/right was presented for another 30 ms. The stimuli are depicted as presented on the computer screen, with black outline squares representing the screen. The face stimuli were always presented with eyes at the level of the vertical midline of the screen, and at the same level as the target stimulus.