<p>Xanthine oxidase (XO) activity (nmol/min/mg protein) in (A) liver and (B) gills of rainbow trout, common carp and goldfish during 1 mM ammonia exposure. Values are mean ± S.E. Asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference between the exposed fish and its respective control (*<i>P</i><0.05; **<i>P</i><0.01).</p
The effect of ammonia on aquatic organisms is an area that has been well studied. Results from vari...
Oxidative stress and the antioxidant response induced by high environmental ammonia (HEA) were inves...
Of all the water quality parameters that affect fish, am-monia is the most important after oxygen, e...
<p>Catalase (CAT) activity (µmol H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/min/mg protein) in (A) liver and (B) gil...
<p>Glutathione peroxidise (GPX) activity (nmol NADPH/min/mg protein) in (A) liver and (B) gills of r...
<p>Ammonia accumulation (µmol/g) in (A) liver and (B) gills of rainbow trout, common carp and goldfi...
<p>Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) acivity (µmol ASC/min/mg protein) in (A) liver and (B) gills of rainbo...
<p>Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (units SOD/mg protein) in (A) liver and (B) gills of rainbow ...
<p>Values are mean ± S.E. Asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference between the exposed fish a...
<p>Hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) content (nmol/g) in (A) liver and (B) gills of rai...
Oxidative stress and the antioxidant response induced by high environmental ammonia (HEA) were inves...
<p>A simplified illustration of the differential reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antiox...
Ammonia is a pollutant frequently found in aquatic ecosystems. In fish, ammonia can cause physical d...
The acute toxicity of ammonia to barramundi Lates calcarifer larvae (15 days post-hatching, DPH) was...
<p>Glutathione reductase (GR) activity (nmol NADPH/min/mg protein) in liver of fed and fasted fish d...
The effect of ammonia on aquatic organisms is an area that has been well studied. Results from vari...
Oxidative stress and the antioxidant response induced by high environmental ammonia (HEA) were inves...
Of all the water quality parameters that affect fish, am-monia is the most important after oxygen, e...
<p>Catalase (CAT) activity (µmol H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/min/mg protein) in (A) liver and (B) gil...
<p>Glutathione peroxidise (GPX) activity (nmol NADPH/min/mg protein) in (A) liver and (B) gills of r...
<p>Ammonia accumulation (µmol/g) in (A) liver and (B) gills of rainbow trout, common carp and goldfi...
<p>Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) acivity (µmol ASC/min/mg protein) in (A) liver and (B) gills of rainbo...
<p>Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (units SOD/mg protein) in (A) liver and (B) gills of rainbow ...
<p>Values are mean ± S.E. Asterisk (*) indicates a significant difference between the exposed fish a...
<p>Hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) content (nmol/g) in (A) liver and (B) gills of rai...
Oxidative stress and the antioxidant response induced by high environmental ammonia (HEA) were inves...
<p>A simplified illustration of the differential reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antiox...
Ammonia is a pollutant frequently found in aquatic ecosystems. In fish, ammonia can cause physical d...
The acute toxicity of ammonia to barramundi Lates calcarifer larvae (15 days post-hatching, DPH) was...
<p>Glutathione reductase (GR) activity (nmol NADPH/min/mg protein) in liver of fed and fasted fish d...
The effect of ammonia on aquatic organisms is an area that has been well studied. Results from vari...
Oxidative stress and the antioxidant response induced by high environmental ammonia (HEA) were inves...
Of all the water quality parameters that affect fish, am-monia is the most important after oxygen, e...