Synergistic stimulatory effect of over-expression of the eIF4IIIA-like AtRH5 and the DDX3-like AtRH20 DEAD-box helicases on tombusvirus RNA accumulation in <i>N. benthamiana</i>.

<p>(A) Northern blot analysis of the accumulation of CNV gRNA and subgenomic (sg)RNAs in <i>N. benthamiana</i> leaves. Expression of AtRH5 and AtRH20 were done separately or together in <i>N. benthamiana</i> leaves by agroinfiltration. The same leaves were co-infiltrated with <i>Agrobacterium</i> carrying a plasmid to launch CNV replication from the 35S promoter. The control samples were obtained from leaves expressing no proteins (lanes 1–4). Total RNA was extracted from leaves 2.5 days after agroinfiltration after launching CNV replication. The ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was used as a loading control and shown in agarose gel stained with ethidium-bromide (middle panel). (B) Co-over-expression of AtRH5 and AtRH20 in <i>N. benthamiana</i> accelerates the rapid necrosis caused by systemic CNV infection. The pictures were taken 12 days after agroinfiltration.