<i>orb2</i> is required for cyst polarization.

<p>A and B) Green, phalloidin labeled Actin; Blue, DNA; Red, Orb2. A) Clustered nuclei of spermatid cysts (arrowheads) that have completed elongation and just assembled individualization complexes (ICs) (arrows) are found in the spermatogonial/early spermatocyte region of <i>orb2^ΔQ</i> testis. B) White arrows point to two ICs in an <i>orb2^ΔQ</i> testis that are moving in opposite directions in the middle of the testis (yellow arrows indicate directions of motion). C–E) Green, Bol; blue, DNA. C) Like Orb2, the translation factor Bol is localized a comet pattern during flagellar axoneme elongation in wild type testes <a href="http://www.plosgenetics.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004380#pgen.1004380-Xu1" target="_blank">[29]</a>. D) A bi-polar <i>orb2³⁶</i> spermatid cyst that has Bol concentrated at both elongating ends, while the nuclei are in the middle of the cyst (arrows). E) A partially elongated <i>orb2³⁶</i> spermatid cyst in which spermatid nuclei and Bol protein are scattered randomly. Dotted line outlines one among four spermatid cysts in the figure. Yellow arrows point out a few of the scattered nuclei. All images are orientated with apical side of the testes to the left and basal to the right. Scale bar: 50 µm.