Clenbuterol increases autophagic flux <i>in vivo</i>.

<p><b>A–B.</b>) Clenbuterol increases autophagosomal marker LC3-II in the liver of mice treated for 3 days. A further increase is seen with co-administration of chloroquine, indicating an increase in autophagic flux. Asterisk represents significance vs. ctrl, hash represents significance vs. CQ, and ampersand represents significance vs. Clen as per Tukey's post-hoc test following one-way ANOVA. <b>C–D.</b>) SQSTM1/P62 levels in the livers of the same mice. Asterisk indicates p<0.05. <b>E–F.</b>) Electron micrographs of the same mice, showing isolation membranes, autophagosomes, and autolysosomes. A significant increase in the number of autophagic vesicles per cell was observed. Asterisk represents p<0.05. Bar = 2 mm.