The peak serum cytokine and chemokine levels in H7N9 patients and healthy donors.

<p>“P” or “H” under each column indicates “H7N9 patients” or “healthy donors”, respectively. Three patterns of cytokine/chemokine profiles are shown: significantly elevated (A), elevated but not significant (B) or significantly suppressed (C) in H7N9-infected patients when compared to healthy donors. Each bar represents the geometric mean of each serum cytokine/chemokine concentration with standard error of in six patients or eight healthy donors. Statistical significance is indicated when the <i>p</i> value is less than −0.05between the patient and healthy donor groups.