Changes in transcript levels for hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in salmon hepatocytes exposed to PFOSA (25 and 50 µM), singly or in combination with, either CoCl₂ (150 µM) or DFO (100 µM) for 24 and 48 h.

<p>Transcripts were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and expressed as mean percentage (%) of control ± SEM (n = 5). Asterisk (*) denotes significant difference (p<0.05) compared to control analyzed by Tukey’s test, while diamond (^♦) denotes significant difference (p<0.05) with individual hypoxia treatment group (CoCl₂ or DFO) at respective time-interval.