Malformation in gold fish embryos under normoxia and hypoxia.

<p>(A). Viability assay (% of cumulative death): Gold fish embryos showed 100% mortality under anoxia >15 hours and were thus found to be anoxia intolerant. After 144 h, percentages of dead embryos were 95%, 31%, 16% and 12 % in 0.05, 1, 2, and 6 mg/l DO respectively. (B). Malformation (%): After 144 h, percentage of embryos with malformation in hypoxia group was significantly higher (p<0.001) than that of normoxia. (C). Body length: After 144 h, embryos exposed to hypoxia showed significantly (p<0.001) shorter body length than that of control group. (D). Somite Numbers: Highest somite reduction was observed during 12 hpf compared to control. Different superscripts in cumulative death assay indicate significant differences (p<0.05) amongst different treatments and control. Asterisks indicate significant differences between normoxic and hypoxic groups (paired t test, *<i>p</i><0.05 and *** <i>p</i><0.001) at different times. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 20).