Increased expression of inflammatory cytokines in retinal AC under different glucose conditions.

<p>The mRNA levels for inflammatory cytokines in retinal AC under different glucose conditions were investigated by quantitative real time PCR. TNF-α (A), MCP-1 (B) and IL-1β (C) levels are shown. n = 5; *<i>p</i><0.05 (NG vs. HG and NG vs. NG+L-Glu). (D) The iNOS protein level was determined by Western and the quantification of the data is also shown. The β-actin was used as loading control. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. n = 3; *<i>p</i><0.05 (NG vs. HG and NG vs. NG+L-Glu).