Estimates of virus accumulation, virus effects on vegetative and reproductive growth, virulence, and seed transmission rate in the ‘original’ stock Cen-1 plants for three CMV strains passaged five times by strict vertical, strict horizontal and alternating vertical and horizontal transmission, plus non-evolved strains.

1<p>Accumulation of virus RNA (µg/g fresh weight) estimated for 1∶1 mix of inoculated and systemically infected leaves.</p>2<p>Effect of CMV infection on rosette weight (<i>RW</i>) and inflorescence weight (<i>IW</i>) estimated as Trait<i>_i</i>/Trait<i>_m</i>, where <i>i</i> and <i>m</i> denote infected and mock-inoculated plants, respectively.</p>3<p>Virulence estimated as one minus the ratio of seed weight in infected <i>vs.</i> mock-inoculated plants: 1−(<i>SW</i>_i<i>/SW</i>_m).</p>4<p>Seed transmission rate estimated as the number of infected seedlings out of 100 seeds.</p><p>Values are mean±standard error of the 5 lineages in evolved viruses and 10 replicates in non-evolved strains.</p><p>Bold numbers indicate significant differences between non-evolved and evolved viruses. (L): Value in evolved viruses is lower than that in non-evolved viruses; (H) Value in evolved viruses is higher than that in non-evolved viruses.