Availability of monitoring devices (in percent) A (left) and actual use of these devices B (right) (1–5 Likert scale, where 1 is common, 5 rare, ART = arterial blood pressure measurement, CVP = central venous pressure, TEE = transesophageal echocardiography, PAC = pulmonary arterial catheter, TMS = calibrated trend monitoring system, TED = uncalibrated trend evaluation systems).

<p>Availability of monitoring devices (in percent) A (left) and actual use of these devices B (right) (1–5 Likert scale, where 1 is common, 5 rare, ART = arterial blood pressure measurement, CVP = central venous pressure, TEE = transesophageal echocardiography, PAC = pulmonary arterial catheter, TMS = calibrated trend monitoring system, TED = uncalibrated trend evaluation systems).