Phenotypes of virulence factors.

<p>In vitro phenotypic assays of virulence associated attributes of XL280α and JEC21α. (A) The strains were grown in liquid YPD, washed with water, and spotted in 10-fold serial dilutions on the following media and conditions: YPD at 30°C and 37°C for 2 days, YPD plus 8 or 16 µg/ml of fluconazole at 30°C for 6 days, YPD plus 1 µg/ml of FK506 at 30°C and 37°C for 3 days, L-Dopa at 30°C for 3 days, and niger seed at 30°C for 6 days. (B) For capsule evaluation, cells were grown in DMEM for 6 days and visualized by light microscopy using India ink and (C) supernatants of the cells containing secreted capsule were isolated, subjected to gel electrophoresis, and then immunoblotted with an anti-GXM antibody. (D) Unisexual reproduction cultures were incubated on V8 agar (pH = 7), for 2–3 weeks in the dark at room temperature. Scale bar = 100 µm.