Aboveground biomass (g m⁻²) for ‘Oak’ and ‘Pine’ functional groups over the course of the 100-year simulations.

<p>Plots <i>a</i> and <i>b</i> are comparisons of these groups under high emissions (A2) climate; Dotted lines represent scenarios with gypsy moth defoliation present. Ribbons surrounding each line are standard errors, based on five model replicates. Plots <i>c</i> and <i>d</i> show landscape probability of establishment for pine and oak functional groups under high emissions climate.