Effect of pterostilbene (PTER) on HL-60 cell-cycle regulation and apoptosis.

<p>(A) HL-60 cells were treated with different concentrations of PTER (0∼100 µM) for 24 h, and flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle phase distribution and cell death in the sub-G₁ phase. Data are presented as the mean ± SE of three independent experiments. Results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc tests at 95% confidence intervals. Different letters represent significantly different, <i>p</i><0.05. (B) Quantitative analysis of cell apoptosis by Annexin-V and propidium iodide (PI) double-staining flow cytometry. Values represent the mean ± SE of three independent experiments. *<i>p</i><0.05, compared to the vehicle group. (C) HL-60 cells were treated with 100 µM PTER for 24 h and analyzed by fluorescence microscopy after DAPI staining. White arrows indicate apoptotic HL-60 cells.