<i>P. xylostella</i> mortality after oral infection with <i>P. taiwanensis</i> wild-type and Δ<i>tccC</i> strains or their cell lysate, sonicated pellet, sonicated supernatant, or culture supernatant on day 5.

<p>^<i>a</i><i>P. taiwanensis</i> wild-type, Δ<i>tccC</i> mutant strains, and their various proteins fractions were fed to three instar of healthy larvae.</p><p>^<i>b</i>Mortality is the percentage of larvae death. n is the sample size of the treated groups. The data were collected on day 5.</p><p>^<i>c</i>The two tail student <i>t</i>-test was used to elucidate statistical significance. Each treatment was repeated three times.</p><p>^<i>d</i>Similarity with <i>b</i>, n is the sample size of the negative control PBS-treated group.</p><p>^<i>e</i>Ingestion dose: 50 µl OD = 0.5, 1, 2 cells/0.5×1 cm² vegetable block.</p><p>^<i>f</i>Ingestion dose: The crude extract contained 300 ng of proteins.