Normalization of the <i>Dyrk1A</i> gene dosage increased cell proliferation and differentiation in the DG but did not rescue the density of mature granule neurons.

<p>(<b>a</b>) Representative images of Ki67, DCX, CLR and DAPI labeling in the DG. (<b>b</b>) Mean values ± SEM of the density of Ki67-, DCX-, CLR- and DAPI-positive cells of TS mice trisomic (+/+/+) and disomic (+/+/−) for Dyrk1A and euploid (CO +/+) mice. Ki67: ANOVA ‘trisomy’: F(1,17) = 5.60, p = 0.032; ‘Dyrk1A’: F(1,17) = 7.31, p = 0.017. DCX: ANOVA ‘trisomy’: F(1,17) = 7.37, p = 0.016; ‘Dyrk1A’: F(1,17) = 3.79,; p = 0.071. CLR: ANOVA ‘trisomy’: F(1,17) = 0.94 p = 0.34; ‘Dyrk1A’: F(1,17) = 5.56, p = 0.032. DAPI: ANOVA ‘trisomy’: F(1173) = 13.43, p = 0.003; ‘Dyrk1A’: F(1,17) = 1.77, p = 0.20. *: p<0.05 TS +/+/+ vs. CO +/+; #: p<0.05 TS +/+/− vs. TS +/+/+; Bonferroni tests after significant MANOVAs.