Effect of Al₂O₃-coated MWCNTs or Al₂O₃ nanoparticles on the secretion of cytokines by primary human blood monocytes (PBMCs).

<p>Human PBMCs were treated with or without LPS for 2 hrs then exposed to nanoparticles for 24 hrs prior to collecting cell supernatants for ELISA. A single nanoparticle dose of 100 µg/ml was used and corrected for estimated particle number to account for the difference in mass between uncoated ‘U-MWCNT’ and 10 ALD cycle Al₂O₃-coated ‘A-MWCNT’. ELISAs were performed on cell supernatants for <b>A)</b> IL-1β and <b>B)</b> OPN. Data are expressed as the mean +/− SEM of quadruplicate cultures of PBMCs. *<i>P</i><0.05, **<i>P</i><0.01, ***<i>P</i><0.001 compared to corresponding controls (−LPS or +LPS).