Monocyte subsets from <i>P. vivax</i>-infected patients display a highly activated phenotype.

<p>CD14⁺CD16⁻, CD14⁺CD16⁺ and CD14^loCD16⁺ monocytes are represented by green, red and blue symbols. (A) Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of HLA-DR (BT, n = 11 and AT, n = 11), CD106 (BT, n = 26 and AT, n = 19), CD54 (BT, n = 28 and AT, n = 19) and CD31 (BT, n = 25 and AT, n = 20) (from the top to the bottom) was evaluated on monocyte subsets (CD14⁺CD16⁻ (left panel), CD14⁺CD16⁺ (middle panel), CD14^loCD16⁺ (right panel)) from <i>P. vivax</i>-infected subjects, before (filled symbols) and 30–45 days after treatment (open symbols). Dotted lines represent medians of given measurements from healthy donors. (B) Scattered dot plots (left panels) and representative histograms (right panels) showing MFI of the molecules described above on CD14⁺CD16⁻, CD14⁺CD16⁺ and CD14^loCD16⁺ monocytes from <i>P. vivax</i>-infected patients before treatment. Levels of the molecules above were measured by flow cytometry. Circles indicate individual patients and lines represent median values and interquartile ranges. (C) Levels of molecules expressed by the monocyte subsets analyzed according to B. *<i>p</i><0.05, **0.05><i>p</i>>0.01, ***<i>p</i><0.01.