Dynamic Observation of Phase Transformation Behaviors in Indium(III) Selenide Nanowire Based Phase Change Memory

Phase change random access memory (PCRAM) has been extensively investigated for its potential applications in next-generation nonvolatile memory. In this study, indium(III) selenide (In₂Se₃) was selected due to its high resistivity ratio and lower programming current. Au/In₂Se₃-nanowire/Au phase change memory devices were fabricated and measured systematically in an <i>in situ</i> transmission electron microscope to perform a RESET/SET process under pulsed and dc voltage swept mode, respectively. During the switching, we observed the dynamic evolution of the phase transformation process. The switching behavior resulted from crystalline/amorphous change and revealed that a long pulse width would induce the amorphous or polycrystalline state by different pulse amplitudes, supporting the improvement of the writing speed, retention, and endurance of PCRAM