Effect of androgen on cell proliferation and cell cycle in LNCaP 104-R1 cells and PC-3 sublines.

<p>(A) LNCaP 104-R1 cells, PC-3 cells with control plasmid LNCX-2 (PC-3^LNCX-2), PC-3 cells overexpressing wild type AR (PC-3^AR), and PC-3 cells overexpressing LNCaP AR (PC-3^LNCaP-AR) were treated with increasing concentration of synthetic androgen R1881 or antiandrogen Casodex for 96 hrs. Relative cell number was determined by fluorometric DNA assay described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0109170#s2" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a> and was normalized to cell number of the control cells (no treatment). LNCaP 104-R1, PC-3^LNCX-2, PC-3^AR, and PC-3^LNCaP-AR cells were treated with or without 10 nM R1881 for 96 h. Percentage of cell population of LNCaP 104-R1, PC-3^LNCX-2, PC-3^AR, and PC-3^LNCaP-AR cells in S phase (B) and G1 phase (C) was determined by PI-staining flow cytometry. Values represent the mean +/− Standard Error derived from 5 independent experiments. Asterisk *, **, and *** denote significant difference <i>p</i><0.05, <i>p</i><0.01, <i>p</i><0.001, respectively, of the treated cells as compared to control cells.