Iguratimod attenuated proteinuria and kidney injury in MRL/lpr mice.

<p>(A) Protein concentrations of 24 h-urine from iguratimod treated and control mice. Each dot represents mean ±SEM at the time point. (B) Representative H&E-stained kidney sections from 28 weeks old mice treated with iguratimod or vehicle solution. Control mice develop crescents (arrow), glomerular sclerosis (asterisk), lymphocyte infiltrations and casts in kidneys. Fields are at 200× magnification. (C) Glomerular injury and vasculitis were scored by a renal pathologist blindly. Each dot represents average score of an individual mouse. The horizontal lines represent media. (D) Representative kidney sections stained with IgG after 20-week treatment of iguratimod or vehicle solution. The fields are at 400× magnification. (E) Semiquantitative IOD values of all samples are analyzed (right). Each dot represents mean IOD value of an individual mouse. The horizontal lines represent media. Statistics are calculated by non-paired student's t test (A) or Mann-Whitney U test (C and E). * <i>p</i><0.05, *** <i>p</i><0.001.