Phylogenetic relationship between the mtDNA haplotypes found in this study (H1–H13) and other published mtDNA control region sequences of European[7] and Siberian [45] roe deer.

<p>Geographic locations of published sequences of European roe deer (DE = Germany; DK = Denmark; ES = Spain; FR = France; GR = Greece; IT = Italy; PT = Portugal; SE = Sweden; SR = Serbia, Montenegro, and Kosovo) and Siberian roe deer (KZ = Kazakhstan; RU = Russia) are indicated in the phylogenetic tree. Numbers at nodes show support (≥50%) from 10 000 bootstrap replicates. European roe deer clades are defined according to Randi <i>et al</i>. <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0109147#pone.0109147-Randi1" target="_blank">[7]</a>. In the median-joining network of the mtDNA haplotypes found in this study (upper-left), clades are grouped within punctuated circles. The size of the solid circles is proportional to the number of individuals with a given haplotype in the whole study area. Numbers above the branches indicate the mutation steps between two haplotypes.