Suramin inhibits Hsp104-mediated substrate unfolding and translocation.

<p>(<b>A</b>) RepA_1–70-GFP was incubated with Hsp104^WT and GroEL_trap plus a 1∶1 mixture of ATP and ATPγS. GFP unfolding was measured by fluorescence. GroEL_trap alone is shown as a negative control (red line). Fluorescence values were normalized to initial raw fluorescence for each sample. Values represent mean ±S.D. (<i>n</i> = 3). (<b>B</b>) FITC-casein (0.1 µM) was incubated at 25°C with HAP (1 µM hexamer) and ClpP (21 µM monomer) plus ATP (5 mM) and an ATP regeneration system. Degradation of FITC-casein was monitored by fluorescence. Initial fluorescence was subtracted from raw fluorescence values for each sample. HAP alone is shown as a negative control (red line). Values represent mean ±S.D. (<i>n</i> = 5).