ABC transporter inhibitors enhance susceptibility of adult <i>S. mansoni</i> to PZQ.

<p>Adult parasites were perfused at 6–7 weeks post-infection and incubated overnight in schistosome medium containing the compounds as noted. Following 48 h recovery in media alone, worm motility was assessed in individual worms using a video camera and quantifying change in distal/proximal distance using MaxTraqLite+ software. Values were normalized to control worms, as described in <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003265#s4" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>. Control worms were incubated in 0.5% DMSO (n = 7). PZQ = 500 nM PZQ (n = 9); Tar = 10 µM tariquidar (n = 7 alone; n = 7 plus PZQ); A = Combination A (10 µM zosuquidar, 10 µM Ko143, 25 µM MK 571; n = 5 alone; n = 4 plus PZQ); B = Combination B (10 µM elacridar, 20 µM Reversan; n = 8 alone; n = 6 plus PZQ); C = Combination C (20 µM dexverapamil, 25 µM MK 571; n = 7 alone; n = 8 plus PZQ). Labels underscored by the PZQ line included 500 nM PZQ as well. *, ** indicate P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively, compared to control worms, ANOVA with Dunnett's Multiple Comparison post test.