Effects of podocalyxin (PODX) on β-catenin (β-cat) signaling luciferase reporter activities in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells.

<p>(<i>A</i>) LN-229 and (<i>B</i>) U-118 MG GBM cells were transfected with TOPflash, a synthetic β-catenin luciferase reporter, or FOPflash, a negative control reporter for TOPflash. Thirty hours later, the luciferase activity was determined in normal control cells (NC), cells stably transfected with the empty pcDNA3.1 vector (VC), cells stably transfected with PODX, cells stably transfected with PODX and treated with selective p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor PD169316 (25 µM) for 30 hours (PODX+PD), cells stably transfected with PODX and treated with selective β-cat signaling inhibitor CCT031374 (50 µM) for 30 hours (PODX+CCT), cells stably transduced with scramble control shRNA (SC), cells stably transduced with PODX-shRNA, and cells stably transduced with PODX-shRNA and stably transfected with constitutively active (ΔN151) β-cat (PODX-shRNA+active-cat). The luciferase activity was expressed as fold changes to that of NC (designated as 1). ^a<i>p</i><0.05 vs. controls (NC, VC and SC); ^b<i>p</i><0.05 vs. PODX; ^c<i>p</i><0.05 vs. PODX+PD; ^d<i>p</i><0.05 vs. PODX+CCT; ^e<i>p</i><0.05 vs. PODX-shRNA.