Effects of podocalyxin (PODX)/β-catenin (β-cat) signaling on expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells.

<p>The (<i>A</i>) mRNA and the (<i>B</i>) protein levels of MMP9 in LN-229 (<i>left panel</i>) and U-118 MG (<i>right panel</i>) GBM cells were respectively determined by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analyses in normal control cells (NC, lane 1), cells stably transfected with the empty pcDNA3.1 vector (VC, lane 2), cells stably transfected with PODX (lane 3), cells stably transfected with PODX and treated with selective p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor PD169316 (25 µM) for 30 hours (PODX+PD, lane 4), cells stably transfected with PODX and treated with selective β-cat signaling inhibitor CCT031374 (50 µM) for 30 hours (PODX+CCT, lane 5), cells stably transduced with scramble control shRNA (SC, lane 6), cells stably transduced with PODX-shRNA (lane 7), and cells stably transduced with PODX-shRNA and stably transfected with constitutively active (ΔN151) β-cat (PODX-shRNA+active-cat, lane 8). The mRNA and the protein levels of MMP9 were expressed as fold changes to those of NC (designated as 1), respectively. Three independent experiments were performed for each Western blot analysis. Data values were expressed as Mean+SD. ^a<i>p</i><0.05 vs. controls (NC, VC and SC); ^b<i>p</i><0.05 vs. PODX; ^c<i>p</i><0.05 vs. PODX+PD; ^d<i>p</i><0.05 vs. PODX+CCT; ^e<i>p</i><0.05 vs. PODX-shRNA.