Cumulative bile production during <i>ex vivo</i> normothermic machine perfusion of human donor livers.

<p>Presented are individual values for 12 livers that were declined for transplantation. <i>Ex vivo</i> machine perfusion and viability testing was started after a median cold storage of 6.5 hours. Two distinct patterns of bile flow could be identified: 1) a steadily increasing bile production, resulting in a cumulative bile output of ≥30 g during the 6 h of perfusion (green lines), and 2) an initially increasing bile production during the first 2–3 hours, followed by a diminishing production, resulting in a cumulative bile production in 6 h <20 g (red lines).