Reduced osteogenic differentiation capacity of bone marrow stem cells isolated from pdia3^+/− mice.

<p>The bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated from wild type and heterozygous mice and cultured in osteogenic media for 14 and 28 days. The expression of collagen type I (<i>Col1</i>, A), alkaline phosphatase (<i>Alp</i>, B), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (<i>Runx2</i>, C), bone sialoprotein (<i>Bsp</i>, D), osteopontin (<i>Opn</i>, E) and osteoprotegerin (<i>Opg</i>, F) were evaluated by real-time PCR and normalized to housekeeping gene ribosomal protein s 18 (<i>S18</i>). Alkaline phosphatase activity (G) and the production of Osteocalcin (H) were measured in Day 28 cultures. Alizarin red and von Kossa staining were performed on Day 28 cultures to assess the mineralization and the positive staining areas were measured (I). White bar represents wild type culture and black bar represents heterozygous culture. N = 6, *<i>P</i><0.05 <i>vs</i>. wild type.