Correlation between mortality induced by spraying and mortality induced by topical treatment.

<p>Each dot represents one substance among the 15 tested on bees by thorax topical contact and spraying. The mortality elicited at 48 hours by spraying was given for the chosen field application rate (g a.s./ha) (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0113728#pone-0113728-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>). On the basis of the mean exposure surface area (1.05 cm²/bee), the application rate (g a.s./ha) was converted into an individual dose (ng a.s./bee) to treat the bees topically. The dose-mortality relationship at 48 hours was modeled for each of the 15 active substances, which enabled assessing the mortality that could be induced at a given field exposure.